One of the frequent complaints, that the physician hears from the patient, is a pain in the knee. What caused it, we can't always say that once, because the knees can suffer from various diseases, one of which is the osteoarthritis of the knee. It is also known under the name of knee osteoarthritis, and represents the defeat of the joint, usually wearing the non-inflammatory character and promotes the destruction of cartilage, deformation of bones, limitation of the movements of the patient.
Form
There are two main forms of the disease:
- primary. Appears as a result of improper development of joints at birth;
- secondary. Appears to be because of other illnesses or injuries.
The primary form usually develops in childhood and is due to the incorrect formation of the apparatus of ligaments or joints. Them during physical activity are subjected to heavy loads and deform.
The secondary form of the disease is due to factors:
- trauma (contusions, distortions, sprains, fractures), which promote the rupture of the structure of bones, ligaments, and cartilage. Gets the post forms of the disease;
- the transfer of the operations of removal of the meniscus, which damage the integrity of the structure of the knee;
- too high the load on the foot (it is typical for athletes);
- excess weight, as it causes a lot of pressure of body mass on the articular cartilage of the knee;
- arthritis (inflammation of joints). The prolonged illness is accompanied by a formation of excessive liquid in the cavity, which is the cause of complications;
- the violation of the functioning of the metabolism, which is the cause of limestone;
- several transferred for surgery to the knee;
- the disease, which is characterized by long muscle spasms in the muscles of the legs or blood vessels.
The process of the development of the disease can take unilateral or bilateral form. Trauma, probably, will be the cause of unilateral osteoarthritis and obesity cause two-way.
The symptoms of the malaise
Osteoarthritis of the knee symptoms manifest gradually. The patient may for years without knowing that he is ill, as well as a visible change in the shape of the knee or the strong sensations of pain has not. When osteoarthritis of the knee 1 degree and is often accompanied by unpleasant and painful sensations in the knee, but a few people in this stage turns to the doctor. More prone to this disease women after the age of 40, who suffer from excess weight. Above all, it favours the development of this disease, the presence of varicose veins. In this phase it is possible to cure the disease at home without the use of drugs and ointments.
The pain in the disease are unreliable, and are, little by little, sometimes in the course of a few years. They occur during sport activity, walking and other physical activities. With this severe pain can be a symptom of gonartrosie, but that is the consequence of a fracture, crushing, or a meniscus injury. If the patient feels strong discomfort, then this is definitely osteoarthritis of the knee 2 degrees. To avoid the pain, the man tries to spend more time stopped, however, after the resumption of physical activity the discomfort is back yet.
This symptom, like the deformation, accompanying a deforming arthrosis of the knee. Becomes visible on the second or third stages of the disease. The first of his signs: the knee is slightly swollen, but maintains its shape. In the latter stages occurs in a change of its shape, which can also make one leg shorter or longer. Sick worth drinking this type of medication, as chondroprotectors (to promote the recovery of cartilage tissue).
Synovitis (accumulation of fluid in the joint cavity) also reports on the development of the disease. If the liquid is too much, you may experience the so-called cyst-Baker – the outgrowth on the articular wall of the joint. Elastic cysts becomes evident when the knee is flattened. Easily treated through the intervention of a doctor.
One of the most characteristic symptoms is crunch, which is visible when the disease in 2 and 3 stages. The main thing – to distinguish audible creaking of the joints of a healthy person and the dull, dry crunch of the patient. It causes weakness of the ligaments or their high mobility. To ensure the peace joint patient is advised to wear knee pads usd with osteoarthritis.
The limits of mobility of the knee occurs in the later stages of the disease. When the patient can not bend or fold the leg, as it causes severe pain. If the disease has come down to 3 stages, the knee may be completely static, due to fusion of the joints. This condition requires the use of injections, ointments, or other instruments, and medicines, relieving the pain, and also the intervention of the surgeons, because massage normal or folk remedies are powerless against the fused bones.
Phase gonartrosie
There are three phases gonartrosie:
- since the beginning of the first phase until visible manifestations of the disease spend months, or years. The man complains of pain in the legs, that occur periodically. Especially with regard to the first steps of the stairs towards the top or towards the bottom, and when you lift it from the bed in the morning. The images may show a contraction interarticular slot. Usually, instead of going to a specialist, patients often apply folk ointments, dyes, and medicines;
- the second phase is characterized by severe pain, which cannot end even in a resting state of the limbs. Accompanies them crunch. In the joint cavity can accumulate fluid, and x-rays show the beginning of deformation and the growth of the bones. The patient in this stage, each way, it limits the number of movements of the limb. To reduce the discomfort specialist can prescribe injections, and welcome chondroprotectors;
- in the last, the third stage, the pain becomes constant, and often intensifies during the change of weather conditions. X-ray shows a remarkable deformation of the knee, which can only be resolved through surgery, if the patient has to drink complex special chondroprotectors. The patient change of pace: a deforming arthrosis of the knee helps to walk or a little bent on the legs, or waddle.
The treatment of the disease
The treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee depends on the severity of the disease knee. Chronic malocclusion will help you to come only to the remission phase (when active manifestations of the disease are reduced to a minimum or damaged). Physiotherapy treatment in combination with the use of drugs, in particular, chondroprotectors, results, learned a lot from this.
The goals of treatment are:
- reduction of the pain;
- the recovery with the help of various means of cartilage and of the ligaments;
- the increase of volume of movements of the limbs.
Among the treatment methods stand out:
- the use of medicinal products (chondroprotectors);
- the doctors surgery;
- recovery complex (PHYSIOTHERAPY, physiotherapy, massage and other means).
The drugs, known also under the name of chondroprotectors, the right will be able to choose only the doctor. Their strictly forbidden to assign for themselves, as well as chondroprotectors themselves are pretty powerful drugs.
All allocated honey. medications aimed at:
- the removal of the pain, as well as the inflammation. For this reason, in the joint cavity are introduced to drugs, and hormonal and non-hormonal type;
- improvement of the blood supply sore feet. For this there are medications that help relieve spasms of the blood vessels or muscle;
- the healing of cartilage tissue. Have been developed the drugs – all kinds of chondroprotectors, distinguished for force of impact on the affected joint. They feed on substances that are necessary for the cartilage tissue. Chondroprotectors also able to assist the body in the creation of new cartilage tissues.
Drugs release it in the form of ointments, needles and other tools.
Also, it is a popular means of healing and massage with osteoarthritis of the knee. Properly conducted by a physician massage with the application of ointments, lets you relax constantly tense muscles near the affected by a disease of the knee, which will reduce the pain (does not work worse than the bites). Also massage with sunscreen helps to increase the number of movements made, and the kick, adjust the position of the bones in the house, increase the flow of blood. If the malocclusion is passed to the third stage, that normal ointment or dick does not help, and requires surgery. The doctor establishes the patient's metal implants, which aims to replace the malfunction part of the foot. As the prosthesis must be replaced every few years, and the same operation is rather expensive.
Recovery complex includes exercises with osteoarthritis of the knee, which the patient must perform, under close supervision of your doctor. These exercises objectives:
- improve the circulation of the blood;
- improve muscle tone in the house. For example, therapeutic exercise provides lessons based patient simulators special.
Physiotherapy
Also, popular are the techniques of physiotherapy (UHF - and ultrasound therapy, chromotherapy), which, even if they are not basic, but significantly contribute to speed up the healing process. The treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee with the help of physiotherapy is very effective, as it reduces the sensation of pain. Specific methods of physiotherapy according to the degree of development of a disease determined by your doctor. In addition, the composition of the rehabilitation includes injections, reduce the pain, auxiliary, ointments, and so on.
Gymnastics
Gymnastics with arthritis of the knee is one of the main methods, which allow to develop atrophied muscle. THERAPY with osteoarthritis of the knee should be performed step by step, gently, slowly. If the patient feels the renewal of the pain, should immediately stop the lessons. During a workout is convenient and useful to apply special knee pads usd with osteoarthritis.
In the sixth group includes the and therapeutic techniques of orthopedic. Aim to reduce the load on the knee, without solution of continuity by bringing his cane, prosthesis. Many specialists prescribe their patients to knee pads usd with osteoarthritis. This will help the patient to facilitate ambulation, which makes it minimally painful.
Diet
As far as a special diet during the osteoarthritis, is, usually, often aim to reduce the weight of the patient, as well as in the vast majority of cases, the great weight contributes to overload of the joints. The diet includes the intake of food in small portions, about once every 3 hours. To reduce the weight in the daily diet should add lean meat (chicken, turkey, rabbit), and delete the fat (lamb, pork). Plant protein you should take of legumes. To comply with the diet in the diet must happen replacement refined for the crude oil, but also reduce the consumption of salt.
Therapeutic diet provides for the refusal or the minimum consumption of storage, smoked and fried food (to suppress appetite). To restore destroyed cartilage, it is necessary to provide the body with complex carbohydrates (cereals, products based on wheat flour). In the power supply should also be included fruit juices (carrots, beets, apples). Withdraws from the body toxins and reduce the impact of inflammatory processes.
In the diet must be present fish, and gelatin, which acts as a kind of cartilage, and helps create new cartilage. For this it is worth to remember that a diet should not be administered by only – the best option will be able to choose only the physician-nutritionist (an expert on diets).
The traditional methods
Particular attention must be paid popular methods of struggle with the disease (treatment in home). Many of the lotions, wraps and other popular dyes, which offer the healers and lovers of traditional medicine, based on herbs, the doctor of bile, which improves the circulation of blood in the diseased joint. The action of the ointment direct to improve circulation, relaxation of the muscles. With this tool, they often make the wraps. Their efficacy is very high, so this method sometimes doctors use and in traditional medicine in combination with medicines). On the packaging must be worn with bands of natural wool, which warms the sore spot. Of course, folk remedies hardly can greatly help with osteoarthritis grade 3, however, the auxiliary curative properties of the people methods that should not be neglected, because they relieve the discomfort and prevent the main symptoms of the disease.
Among the most popular recipes folk remedies that can be applied at home include:
- a pack of cock. According to this people recipe, to improve the therapeutic properties of the dick, it is recommended that you pre-grind and boil. Then you have to apply to the affected area;
- a pack of iodine, the doctor of bile, ammonia, glycerin, and the may honey. All the ingredients of this popular blend, to mix, infuse for 10 days, and then apply on the knees. The medication is very effective;
- pedal cabbage sheet. It is made of fresh leaves of cabbage, puffy of may honey, and is applied to the foot. Establishes the therapeutic effect of isolation from the wool fabric, or plastic film. This tool is suitable for people of all ages;
- ointment of elecampane with the vodka.
Osteoarthritis of the knee is quite different treatment – right the patient will resume the doctors taking into account their age and physiological characteristics. This can be injections, ointments, pads usd with osteoarthritis and other medications. For the prevention of and the fight with the disease in the early stages can be used THERAPY with osteoarthritis of the knee. With the proper and timely treatment, people can save money and not cause a great damage to the health.